Funds of knowledge: Developing a Diploma in Teaching in Early Childhood Education in the Solomon Islands.

This article discusses how three early childhood teacher educators, from the Solomon Islands College of Higher Education School of Education and the University of Waikato Faculty of Education, worked in partnership together and with others to develop a new Diploma in Teaching Early Childhood Education (ECE) for the Solomon Islands. We argue that the knowledge and understandings that we shared about New Zealand early childhood education and its bicultural curriculum Te Whāriki made our task easier from the outset. So too did our shared "funds of knowledge" and expertise, particularly the Solomon Islands women's indigenous knowledge and abilities to reflect on teaching and learning in their nation and New Zealand, two contexts they understood well. As we worked through a range of issues related to the development and delivery of courses, the primacy of relationships and historical, cultural and social contexts for learning were reinforced. Broad understandings of relevant education pedagogy for adults and young children were incorporated through the diploma development process. The result was a new Diploma in Teaching Early Childhood Education and new ways of teaching and learning embedded in Solomon Islands contexts, blending the best of local and imported knowledge. This article adds to a small body of literature related to ECE in the Solomon Islands and the Pacific region

Sheep and Beef Production Costs Across New Zealand: Introducing the Spatial Dimension

Motu is currently developing a dataset of production costs relating to different rural land uses, which we can use to help explain historical land-use trends at a Territorial Authority level. The Meat and Wool Economic Service farm survey provides a rich database containing physical and financial data for New Zealand sheep and beef farms including detailed information on average farm expenditure, from at least 1980. But while this dataset provides extensive information for 8 farm classes and 5 regions, the actual location of the farms within each class is not known. So, we have developed an algorithm that generates a map of potential farm classes utilising supplementary information on farm location from QVNZ and a land productivity map developed by Baisden (2006) at Landcare Research. This map can be used to map any information contained with the farm survey reports.Spatial allocation, production costs, sheep and beef farming, Production Economics,

Clinical Supervisors\u27 Experience with Conflict with Music Therapy Interns

Clinical supervision is integral to student development during music therapy internship, yet fundamental characteristics of the supervisory relationship can become a source of conflict. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to construct the essence of music therapy clinical supervisors’ experience of conflict with their interns. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five music therapy clinical supervisors: three with more than five years of experience supervising interns and two with less than three years of experience. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed for themes. Different themes emerged based on supervisors’ level of experience, which informed my construction of the phenomenological essence. Supervisors’ early experiences with conflict were unexpected, caused uncertainty, and resulted in avoidant behavior. However, those with more than five years of experience described having a positive perception of disagreement, and stated that they addressed issues with their interns immediately, using dialogue to convey support and encouragement. Three themes also emerged across levels of experience: 1) challenges in balancing supervisory roles, 2) the experience of resolving conflict and 3) the experience of unresolved conflict. Implications for music therapy clinical supervisor training are discussed as are suggestions for future research

Predictable Feeding in Zoos: Research Methods and Behavioural Effects

The behaviour of zoo animals can come to anticipate temporally predictable feeding times. However, there is a lack of consensus over the effects of such routines on behaviour and welfare. Few studies have been published in this area, perhaps in part due to methodological challenges. The current programme of work therefore aimed to extend knowledge on the effect of predictable feeding routines, and to develop a suitable methodology to overcome challenges. Prior to predictable feeding, tigers showed patterns of increased ‘active’ behaviours such as locomotion and pacing, and decreased inactivity. Geckos also showed increased ‘active’ behaviours such as locomotion and ‘stationary but moving head’ prior to predictable, compared to unpredictable feeding times, with significant differences between conditions (RSS = 0.059 and 0.047, p < .05). However, anticipatory patterns were not demonstrated for meerkats, which highlighted that other environmental factors may affect an animal’s response to temporal predictability (such as obtaining other food during the day, or signalled predictability). Studying patterns of behavioural change over time requires long periods of observation which is often not possible for researchers. The current programme of work argues that a measure which can be reliably used by many, relatively untrained observers is necessary to study predictability. The measure of ‘busyness’, a subjective rating of animal behaviour, was tested for reliability and validity. Busyness ratings showed good inter-observer reliability (ICC > .72) and correlated with traditional measures of behaviour. Busyness ratings demonstrated clear patterns related to feeding time and gave a useful compound measure of behavioural change. The use of multiple observers was extended to a citizen science approach, where useful data on anticipation in fish were obtained from aquarium visitors using a touch screen. The current programme of work successfully investigated the effects of predictable feeding routines on patterns of animal behaviour, alongside the development of suitable methods. The qualitative techniques developed here offer potential to increase the data obtained in future research into predictability and many other topics

Distress, wellbeing and coping amongst migrant domestic workers in Singapore: A thematic analysis

Background: Migrant domestic workers (MDWs) leave their home countries to work in other countries, often leaving behind families and children. The work they do is typically undervalued and they are often not protected by employment laws in their host countries. Previous research has focused on the challenges and stressors MDWs face with less attention paid to coping and wellbeing. Aims: The aim of this research was to explore in-depth the experiences of MDWs working in Singapore to understand how they coped with the challenges they faced in order to manage their mental health. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 MDWs (from Philippines and Indonesia) and the results were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006; 2021). Participants were recruited from the community through MDW support agencies. Results: Analysis generated three broad themes of challenges (migration-, work- and human rights-related), two themes for mental health (distress and well-being) and four themes for coping strategies (engaging with problems, managing emotions, avoiding problems and emotions and future-focused). Themes elucidate how MDWs learnt to cope and improve their wellbeing in challenging circumstances with often limited resources. Conclusion: By taking a dual approach to mental health and focusing on both distress and wellbeing, this research offers a broad perspective on how MDWs’ mental health can be supported by employers, policy makers, and other service providers, as well as the MDW themselves. It also illustrates the value of qualitative research in giving voice to marginalized groups

Sexual Violence in Native American Communities

This issue brief will describe the high rate of sexual violence in Native American communities, which is so large that one in three Native women report incidents of rape. While there have been numerous political and jurisdictional changes in the past decade to address this issue, more has to be done in order to improve the rates of sexual violence in a timely and effective manner

Interactions of the Gasotransmitters Contribute to Microvascular Tone (Dys)regulation in the Preterm Neonate

Background & Aims Hydrogen sulphide (H2S), nitric oxide (NO), and carbon monoxide (CO) are involved in transitional microvascular tone dysregulation in the preterm infant; however there is conflicting evidence on the interaction of these gasotransmitters, and their overall contribution to the microcirculation in newborns is not known. The aim of this study was to measure the levels of all 3 gasotransmitters, characterise their interrelationships and elucidate their combined effects on microvascular blood flow. Methods 90 preterm neonates were studied at 24h postnatal age. Microvascular studies were performed by laser Doppler. Arterial COHb levels (a measure of CO) were determined through co-oximetry. NO was measured as nitrate and nitrite in urine. H2S was measured as thiosulphate by liquid chromatography. Relationships between levels of the gasotransmitters and microvascular blood flow were assessed through partial correlation controlling for the influence of gestational age. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the combination of these effects on microvascular blood flow and derive a theoretical model of their interactions. Results No relationship was observed between NO and CO (p = 0.18, r = 0.18). A positive relationship between NO and H2S (p = 0.008, r = 0.28) and an inverse relationship between CO and H2S (p = 0.01, r = -0.33) exists. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the combination of these effects on microvascular blood flow. The model with the best fit is presented. Conclusions The relationships between NO and H2S, and CO and H2S may be of importance in the preterm newborn, particularly as NO levels in males are associated with higher H2S levels and higher microvascular blood flow and CO in females appears to convey protection against vascular dysregulation. Here we present a theoretical model of these interactions and their overall effects on microvascular flow in the preterm newborn, upon which future mechanistic studies may be based.The authors would like to acknowledge the parents of the neonates enrolled in the 2CANS study for their participation, the staff of the Kaleidoscope Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at the John Hunter Children’s Hospital, and Kimberly-Clark Australia for providing the diapers used in this stud

Dinamika Kerjasama Sutradara, Sinematografer dan Penata Artistik dalam Produksi Series "Hubungi Agen Gue!" (2023)

Industri film Indonesia belum berpihak pada para pekerjanya karena satu hari shooting dapat memakan waktu hingga 16-20 jam. Masalah komunikasi seperti informasi yang tidak lancar dan konsisten, tabrakan antara kepercayaan dan gol yang beradu akan mengganggu kelancaran produksi. Sementara tujuan shooting adalah menciptakan rancangan visual atau mise-en-scene film dan blocking di set yang menjadi identitas film. Mise-en-scene film serta blocking merupakan tanggung jawab dari Tiga Divisi Kreatif. Para kepala divisi kreatif dibantu oleh kru dengan peran spesifik dan tugas yang jelas. Sehingga efektivitas shooting dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh koordinasi dan kerja sama antara Sutradara, Sinematografer dan Penata Artistik. Penelitian kualitatif ini menganalisis dinamika kerja sama tiga narasumber; Sutradara, Sinematografer, dan Penata Artistik pada produksi series "Hubungi Agen Gue!" (2023). Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa ketiga Kepala Departemen tersebut mampu memanfaatkan waktu kurang dari 14 jam shooting, yang terjadi atas koordinasi kerja keras kru yang rapi dan komunikasi terbuka antar departemen pada shooting